constitutionalism
立憲主義
解説 Definition
憲法に基づいて政治を行うべきとする思想。権力の制限と国民の権利保障を重視する。
Constitutionalism is the idea that government power should be limited by a constitution and by laws. It supports systems in which leaders must follow rules instead of acting freely. The word is often used in politics, law, and discussions about democracy.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
constitution（憲法）を知っていれば核はすぐ見える語。constitutional で「憲法上の」、そこに -ism が付いて「その考え方・主義」になる。individual rights や limit government power と一緒に出やすく、権力を憲法の枠内に縛る発想だと押さえると定着しやすい。unconstitutional（違憲）と対で覚えると、単なる憲法の内容ではなく「憲法で権力を制限する立場」だと区別できる。
Start with `constitution`, then notice `constitutional`, and finally `-ism`, which often means an idea or system. So this word is easy to build step by step. It often appears with phrases like `individual rights` and `limits on government power`, so remember it as the belief that power must stay inside constitutional rules.
例文
Constitutionalism seeks to limit government power through a framework of fundamental laws.
立憲主義は基本法の枠組みを通じて政府の権力を制限しようとするものである。
The rise of constitutionalism in Europe transformed the relationship between rulers and citizens.
ヨーロッパにおける立憲主義の台頭は、統治者と市民の関係を変革した。
Modern democracies are built on the principles of constitutionalism and the rule of law.
現代の民主主義は立憲主義と法の支配の原則に基づいて構築されている。
constitutionalism の類義語・関連語
constitutionalism の語源・成り立ち Etymology
constitutionalism は constitution に -ism が付いた語で、ラテン語 constituere「定める」に由来します。con-「共に」+ statuere「立てる」が核なので、権力を立てた枠へ収める思想が「立憲主義」です。関連語は constitute。
Constitutionalism comes from constitution + -al + -ism. Constitution goes back to Latin constituere, meaning "to set up" or "establish," from con- "together" and statuere "to set or place." The word developed from the idea of an established framework, and constitutionalism came to mean the political doctrine that power should operate within such a framework. A related English word is constitute.
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