convulse
けいれんする
解説 Definition
激しく震える、けいれんする。また、強い感情（特に笑い）で身体が激しく動く。
To convulse means to shake or move suddenly and violently, usually because of pain, illness, or strong emotion. It is often used in medical contexts for uncontrolled body movements, but it can also describe a strong physical reaction such as intense laughter.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まずは tremble / shake よりずっと激しい震えだと押さえると覚えやすいです。convulse は「体が勝手に大きくガクッと動く」感じで、医療文脈では「けいれんする」、比喩では be convulsed with laughter「笑いで体をよじらせる」の形が頻出。細かく震える shiver や tremble ではなく、急で強い全身的な動きに結びつけると定着します。名詞 convulsion もセットで覚えると忘れにくいです。
Think of `convulse` as much stronger than `shake` or `tremble`. It suggests a sudden, powerful movement the body cannot control. Remember the common phrase `convulsed with laughter`, where the whole body reacts, not just a small shiver.
例文
The patient began to convulse during the seizure.
患者は発作中にけいれんし始めました。
Her body began to convulse as the seizure started.
発作が始まると、彼女の体はけいれんし始めた。
He convulsed with laughter at the comedian's joke.
彼はコメディアンのジョークに笑いで体を震わせた。
convulse の類義語・関連語
convulse の語源・成り立ち Etymology
convulse はラテン語 convulsus に由来し、もとをたどると convellere、つまり con-「激しく」+ vellere「引きちぎる」です。convulsion や revulsion と同根で、体が強く引っぱられ乱れる感じから「けいれんする」になりました。
Convulse comes from Latin convulsus, the past participle of convellere, from con- "strongly, together" and vellere "to pull or tear." The original image was of something being violently pulled out of place. From that sense, it developed into the idea of the body being shaken by sudden, forceful movements. Related English words include convulsion and revulsion.
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