cultured
培養された
解説 Definition
cultured は culture（培養する）の過去形・過去分詞で、形容詞として「培養された」という意味です。細胞、細菌、組織などが人工的な条件で育てられたことを表します。
Grown or maintained under controlled artificial conditions, especially in a laboratory. The adjective commonly describes cells, bacteria, or tissue that scientists have cultivated for study or other purposes.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
culture「培養する」に -ed が付いた過去分詞で、ここでは形容詞として「人工的な条件で育てられた」を表す。語末の e はそのままなので cultured となり、発音は /ˈkʌltʃərd/。cultured cells、cultured bacteria、cultured tissue のまとまりで覚えると、一般的な「教養のある」という別義とも区別しやすい。
Connect cultured directly with the verb culture, meaning “to grow cells, bacteria, or tissue under controlled conditions.” The final silent e of culture remains before -d, producing cultured, pronounced /ˈkʌltʃərd/. Learn it through common laboratory combinations such as cultured cells, cultured bacteria, and cultured tissue. These phrases keep the scientific sense clear and distinguish it from another common meaning of cultured, “educated and refined.” In the target sense, imagine material that has been deliberately grown in a dish rather than taken fresh from an organism.
例文
The scientist studied cultured cells.
その科学者は培養された細胞を調べました。
Cultured bacteria grew in the small dish.
培養された細菌が小さな皿の中で増えました。
The report compared fresh tissue with cultured tissue.
その報告書は新鮮な組織と培養された組織を比較しました。
cultured の類義語・関連語
cultured の語源・成り立ち Etymology
cultured は culture に -ed が付いた形で、culture はラテン語 cultura、さらに colere「耕す・育てる」に由来します。もとは「手をかけて育てた」が核なので、「培養された」という意味になるのが自然で、cultivate や agriculture も同じ発想の仲間です。
Cultured is formed from culture plus the past-participle suffix -ed. Culture came through French from Latin cultura, “cultivation” or “a tending,” which derives from colere, “to cultivate, inhabit, or care for.” The underlying idea is deliberate tending and growth. That history connects the laboratory verb culture with words such as cultivate and agriculture, although cultured here specifically describes biological material grown under controlled conditions.
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