discriminating
差別的な
解説 Definition
discriminatingは動詞discriminateの現在分詞で、discriminating against ...の形では「...を差別する」という意味を表します。単独で「差別的な」と言う場合は、通常discriminatoryを使います。ここでは差別の対象を明示する形で使います。
In the pattern “discriminating against someone,” this participial form describes a rule, policy, or action that treats a person or group unfairly because of characteristics such as age, sex, race, or disability. Without “against,” the adjective can instead mean showing refined judgment.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 discriminate に -ing を付け、語末の e を落として discriminating となります。この語義では単独で「差別的な」とせず、a rule discriminating against older workers のように against＋対象を続けて「…を不当に差別する」と覚えます。単独の形容詞なら discriminatory が明確で、discriminating には「目の肥えた」の別義もあります。
Begin with the verb discriminate. Before adding -ing, drop its final silent e: discriminate becomes discriminating. For the unfair-treatment sense shown here, keep the whole pattern discriminating against plus a person or group, as in a policy discriminating against women. This prevents confusion with the separate adjective sense “showing excellent judgment,” as in a discriminating reader. When you need an unambiguous standalone adjective meaning “unfairly biased,” discriminatory is normally the clearer choice. Associate discriminating against with unequal rules, laws, and employment practices.
例文
A rule discriminating against older workers is unfair.
年配の労働者を差別する規則は不公平です。
The company denied having a policy discriminating against women.
その会社は女性を差別する方針があることを否定しました。
They challenged a law discriminating against minority groups.
彼らは少数派の集団を差別する法律に異議を唱えました。
discriminating の類義語・関連語
discriminating の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 discriminare（区別する）から。dis-（分離）+ cernere（ふるい分ける）が語根で、「細かく見分ける」が原義。形容詞用法では「目の肥えた」と「差別的な」の両義を持つ。関連語は discern（見分ける）、crime（原義は判別→裁き→罪）。
Discriminating is the -ing form of discriminate, with the final silent e removed before the suffix is added. Discriminate comes from Latin discriminare, “to divide or distinguish,” based on discrimen, “distinction” or “dividing point.” Its deeper root is connected with cernere, “to separate” or “discern.” The neutral idea of distinguishing developed both into favorable discernment and into the modern social sense of making unfair distinctions between groups.
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