excretion
排泄
解説 Definition
体内で不要となった物質や老廃物が、尿や便などの形で体外に排出される過程。新陳代謝の重要な機能。
Excretion is the process by which the body removes waste materials. The word is used in biology and medicine, and it can refer to the process itself or, in some contexts, the waste that is removed.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まず動詞 excrete を核に置き、excretion はその『行為・過程』を表す名詞だと覚える。ex- は exit と同じ『外へ』の感覚なので、『体の外に出す』方向がぶれない。似た形の secretion は『分泌』で、必要な物質を出す場合もあるが、excretion は不要物・老廃物の排出に寄る語。尿・便・汗のような body waste と結び付け、『体がいらないものを外へ出す機能』として場面ごと覚えると残りやすい。
Use the prefix `ex-`, which often means "out," like in `exit`. That gives the picture of the body sending something out, and `excretion` is the noun form of `excrete`. To avoid confusion, compare it with `secretion`, which is about producing and releasing substances, not only waste.
例文
The kidneys are responsible for excretion of waste products.
腎臓は老廃物の排泄を担当している。
Excretion through sweat helps regulate body temperature.
汗を通じた排泄は体温調節に役立つ。
Problems with excretion can indicate kidney disease.
排泄に問題があると腎臓病を示唆する可能性がある。
excretion の類義語・関連語
類義語
対義語
紛らわしい語
excretion の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 excernere（ex-「外へ」＋ cernere「ふるい分ける」）に由来し、excrete＋-ion で名詞化した語です。『不要物を選り分けて外へ出す』感覚が核で、discern や concern も同じ cernere 系です。
Excretion comes from Latin excernere, meaning "to separate out," made from ex- "out" and cernere "to sift" or "distinguish." The central idea was not simply pushing something out, but first separating what is unwanted and then removing it. That sense later became the biological meaning of waste being discharged from the body. Related words from the same root include discern and concern.
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