illuminated
照された
解説 Definition
照らされたとは、光によって明るくされた状態、または何らかの装飾的な光で飾られた状態を表す形容詞です。物理的な照明だけでなく、比喩的に「解明された」「理解が深まった」という意味でも使われます。
Illuminated describes something made bright by light or decorated with lights. It can also refer to manuscript text enriched with colored or gilded decoration and, figuratively, to a person or subject made clearer through insight or explanation.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
illuminated は illuminate「照らす・明らかにする」の過去分詞形。語末 e を取って -ed を付け、発音は /ɪˈluːmɪneɪtɪd/ で -ed が /ɪd/。illuminated streets なら光で照らされた状態、illuminated manuscript なら金彩などで装飾された写本、と場面ごと覚える。
Begin with illuminate, “to shine light on or make clear,” and treat illuminated as its past-participial adjective. To form it, the final silent e of illuminate is replaced by ed. The ending is pronounced /ɪd/, so the word ends like “ay-tid.” The root image is light entering and making something visible. Apply it to illuminated streets, an illuminated building, or an illuminated display. In an illuminated manuscript, the “light” is also visual splendor from gold, color, and decoration. Figuratively, an illuminated mind or discussion has been made clearer, although enlightened is often more natural for a person.
例文
The illuminated streets made the city look magical on Christmas Eve.
クリスマスイブに照らされた街並みは、街を魔法のように美しく見せた。
The manuscript featured beautifully illuminated letters decorated with gold and color.
その写本には金と色で飾られた美しく装飾された文字が描かれていた。
The professor's lecture left us feeling illuminated about the complex topic.
教授の講義のおかげで、私たちはその複雑なテーマについて理解が深まった。
illuminated の類義語・関連語
対義語
紛らわしい語
illuminated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 illuminare（in-「中へ」+ lumen「光」）が語源。光を注ぎ込んで明るくするイメージ。中世では写本に金箔装飾を施すことも意味した。関連語: luminous（発光する）、luminary（著名人＝光を放つ人）。
Illuminated comes from the verb illuminate, which entered English through Latin illuminare, “to light up.” The Latin verb combines in-, “in” or “upon,” with lumen, “light.” Its past participle supplies the English adjective’s sense of something filled or covered with light. In medieval usage, illumination also referred to decorating manuscript pages with colored designs and gold or silver, producing the specialized sense found in illuminated manuscript.
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