preclinical
前臨床
解説 Definition
臨床試験前の、動物実験段階の
Preclinical means happening before a treatment, drug, or medical method is tested in humans. It is often used for laboratory and animal research in the early stage of development. In medical education, it can also mean the stage before students begin direct clinical practice.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pre- は preview / prepaid の pre と同じで「前」。clinical は clinic, clinical trial の clinical で「患者・臨床の」。つまり preclinical は「人で行う臨床試験の前」とつなげて覚える。preclinical studies / preclinical testing / preclinical data の形で頻出し、細胞実験や動物実験で安全性・有効性を確かめる段階を指す。clinical stage と並べて、「まだ人には入っていない」と対比すると混同しにくい。
The prefix `pre-` means "before," as in `preview` or `prepaid`. `Clinical` connects to `clinic` and `clinical trial`, so `preclinical` means the stage before human clinical work. Think of phrases like `preclinical studies` or `preclinical testing`.
例文
The drug underwent extensive preclinical testing in laboratory animals before human trials.
その薬は人間の試験前に、ラボラトリー動物での広範な前臨床試験を受けました。
Preclinical research is essential to ensure the safety of new medications.
前臨床研究は新しい医薬品の安全性を確保するために不可欠です。
The preclinical phase typically involves testing on cell cultures and animal models.
前臨床段階は通常、細胞培養と動物モデルでのテストを含みます。
preclinical の類義語・関連語
preclinical の語源・成り立ち Etymology
preclinicalはラテン語由来のpre-「前もって」+ clinical「臨床の」から成り、clinicalはギリシャ語kline「ベッド」にさかのぼります。clinicやreclineと同根で、患者の病床に向き合う段階より前の研究だから「前臨床」の意味が腑に落ちます。
Preclinical is made from pre-, meaning "before," and clinical, meaning "related to medical treatment of patients." Clinical comes from Greek kline, meaning "bed," because it originally referred to care given at a sick person's bedside; related words include clinic and recline. So preclinical came to mean the stage before work with patients begins.
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