prest
前金
解説 Definition
古い英語の用語で、「金銭の前払い」「融資」を意味する。現代英語ではほぼ使用されず、歴史文献や古典文学に見られる。
An obsolete or historical noun for money advanced or lent to someone, especially funds supplied beforehand for a service, undertaking, or official purpose. It occurs mainly in records of medieval and early modern finance.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
prest は現代の日常語でなく、歴史文書に出る「前金・貸付金」。pay、give、receive a prest のように金銭授受の場面で捉える。古フランス語で「用意されたもの・貸付金」に結び付き、「必要な仕事や航海の前に渡す金」と覚えると advance や loan との関係が明確になる。
Learn prest as a historical finance word, not as ordinary modern vocabulary. Imagine a merchant receiving money before a voyage or an official receiving funds before carrying out a service: that payment in advance is a prest. This scene connects the word with modern advance and loan while preserving its older setting. Useful historical patterns include receive a prest and make or pay a prest. The idea of something being ready or supplied beforehand also reflects its Old French background and helps distinguish the noun from unrelated modern-looking abbreviations.
例文
In medieval times, a prest was a common form of financial advance.
中世では、prestは金銭前払いの一般的な形式であった。
The merchant received a prest from the nobleman to fund his voyage.
商人は貴族からその航海を資金提供するためのprestを受け取った。
Prest appears frequently in historical accounts of medieval commerce.
prestは中世商業の歴史記録に頻繁に登場する。
prest の類義語・関連語
prest の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語 prest（用意された・貸付金）に由来し、ラテン語 praestare（前に立つ・提供する）から。prae-（前に）+ stare（立つ）の合成語で、「前もって渡す金」が前金の意味に。関連語に presto（素早く）、loan（貸付）。
The noun prest came into English from Old French prest, which could refer to something ready, a loan, or an advance. It is ultimately connected with Latin praestare, “to provide, furnish, or perform,” traditionally analyzed through prae-, “before,” and stare, “to stand.” The financial sense developed around money furnished in advance. Although related historical forms could also mean “ready,” the noun meaning “advance payment or loan” is now obsolete outside historical contexts.
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