recession
recession は英検準2級・英検2級・TOEIC 860・TOEFL 80・IELTS 6.5レベルの英単語で、「不況、後退」という意味があります。発音記号は /rɪˈsɛʃən/ です。
意味一覧 (2件)
不況
解説 Definition
不況とは、経済活動が低下し、失業率が上昇する経済状況のことです。企業の利益減少と消費の落ち込みが特徴です。
A recession is a period when the economy becomes weaker and business activity slows down. During a recession, people may spend less, companies may earn less, and unemployment may rise. This word is mainly used in economics and news reports.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この recession は経済ニュースで出る「不況」を表す用法。基本の「後退」と同じく、活動が前へ進まず後ろへ引くイメージから、景気や商売が弱まる状態を指す。economic recession, enter a recession, during a recession のように economy, jobs, spending, companies と一緒に出やすい。depression も経済低迷だが、普通は recession より深刻で長い響きがある。reception「受付」との綴り違いにも注意。
Connect `recession` with `recede`, meaning to move back. A recession is when the economy seems to go backward instead of forward. Remember common phrases like `economic recession`, `fall into recession`, and `trigger a recession`, and be careful not to confuse it with `reception`.
例文
The country faced a severe recession in the early 2000s.
その国は2000年代初頭に深刻な不況に直面しました。
During a recession, many people lose their jobs.
不況の時期に、多くの人々は職を失います。
Economic experts predict a possible recession next year.
経済専門家は来年の不況の可能性を予測しています。
後退
(意味 2)解説 Definition
recession は、人・水・氷河・髪の生え際などが前の位置から後ろへ退くことを表します。経済の話ではなく、位置や範囲、勢いが引いていく変化をやや書き言葉で述べる名詞です。
Recession means the act of moving back from an earlier position or becoming less wide, less strong, or less noticeable. It is often used in a slightly formal way for things like water, glaciers, or a hairline that slowly move backward. In this entry, the word is about physical or general retreat, not about the economy.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
recession は recede「後退する」の名詞形として考えると覚えやすい。re- は「後ろへ」、-cess- は「行く・進む」に関係する語根で、前へ進むより後ろへ引く動きを表す。the recession of water, a glacier, a hairline のように、目に見える位置や範囲が引いていく対象と結びつけるとよい。不況の意味もあるが、このエントリでは経済ではなく物理的・一般的な「後退」を意識する。
You can remember recession by connecting it with recede, which means "to move back." The part re- suggests "back," and -cess- is related to going or moving. Think of the recession of water, a glacier, or a hairline, where something clearly pulls back from its earlier position. Be careful that recession can also mean an economic downturn, but here the main idea is physical or general retreat.
例文
The recession of the tide exposed the rocks along the shore.
潮の後退で、岸沿いの岩が現れた。
Scientists are studying the recession of the glacier each year.
科学者たちは、その氷河の毎年の後退を調べている。
He was worried about the recession of his hairline as he got older.
年を取るにつれて生え際の後退を彼は気にしていた。
recession の語源・成り立ち Etymology
recession はラテン語 recessio にさかのぼり、re-「後ろへ」+ cess-「進む・行く」+ -ion から成ります。もとは「後退・引き下がり」で、景気が前へ進めず引いていく感覚が不況につながりました。recede や secede も同じ語根です。
Recession goes back to Latin recessio, from re-, meaning "back," and a root meaning "go" or "move." At first it meant a withdrawal or moving back. That sense later led to the economic meaning, where activity seems to pull back instead of moving ahead; recede and secede are related.
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