soiled
汚れた
解説 Definition
soiled は soil（汚す）の過去形・過去分詞で、形容詞的に「汚れた」という意味でもよく使われます。衣服や布、表面などが泥や食べ物などで汚れた状態を表します。
Soiled is the past tense and past participle of soil and is also commonly used as an adjective. It describes clothing, fabric, or another surface that has become dirty or stained by mud, food, liquid, or similar material.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
soiled は原形 soil に規則的な -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞で、語末が有声音 /l/ のため -ed は /d/ と発音する。名詞 soil「土」から、土などを付けて「汚す」という動詞を連想する。soiled shirt、be soiled with coffee、clean towels と soiled ones の対比で状態の意味を覚える。
Soiled is the regular past and past-participle form of soil. Add -ed to the base, and pronounce the ending /d/ because soil ends in the voiced sound /l/. Connect the verb with the familiar noun soil: something that gets earth or another dirty substance on it becomes soiled. Learn it through common combinations such as a soiled shirt, soiled towels, and be soiled with coffee. The contrast between clean items and soiled ones makes the state especially clear. Stained often suggests a visible mark that may remain, while soiled more generally means dirty.
例文
He put the soiled shirt in the laundry basket.
彼は汚れたシャツを洗濯かごに入れました。
The tablecloth was soiled with coffee and cake crumbs.
テーブルクロスはコーヒーとケーキのくずで汚れていました。
Please keep the clean towels away from the soiled ones.
きれいなタオルは汚れたものと離しておいてください。
soiled の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
soiled の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語のsoillierを経由し、ラテン語sūcula（子豚）が語源です。豚が泥の中で戯れる様子から「泥で汚す」という意味が生まれました。同語根にはsow（雌豚）があり、動物の習性が語源だと納得できます。
Soiled is formed by adding the regular ending -ed to the verb soil, “to make dirty.” The verb entered English through Old French soillier, a word associated with defilement and with wallowing in mud; it has traditionally been connected with a Latin term for a young pig. Whatever substance causes the dirt, modern soiled simply describes something made dirty and is frequently used adjectivally.
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