ツグミ
解説 Definition
thrush は「ツグミ」という鳥を指す名詞です。日本語のカタカナ語「スラッシュ」とは別語で、鳥の種類を表すときは「ツグミ」と訳します。
A thrush is a small or medium-sized songbird belonging to a group that includes birds such as the song thrush and mistle thrush. Thrushes commonly have brownish plumage, melodious calls, and diets containing insects, worms, or berries.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
thrush は古くからある鳥名で、接頭辞などに分解せず「ツグミ」と一語で覚える。a thrush sang、a brown thrush、feed on berries のように、庭や林で鳴き、木の実を食べる小鳥の場面と結び付ける。throstle は古い別名で、病名の thrush とは文脈で区別する。
Treat thrush as a traditional bird name rather than trying to divide it into familiar prefixes or suffixes. Picture a brown songbird singing in a garden and feeding on berries or worms. Common combinations such as a thrush sang, a brown thrush, and song thrush reinforce the intended sense. Throstle is an old regional name for a song thrush. Also notice the medical homonym thrush, an infection: references to wings, songs, nests, or berries identify the bird meaning immediately.
例文
A thrush sang in the garden this morning.
今朝、庭でツグミが鳴いていました。
We saw a brown thrush near the river.
私たちは川の近くで茶色いツグミを見ました。
The guidebook says the thrush often feeds on berries.
そのガイドブックには、ツグミはよくベリーを食べると書かれています。
thrush の類義語・関連語
thrush の語源・成り立ち Etymology
thrush は古英語 þrysce にさかのぼるゲルマン系の語で、ドイツ語 Drossel と同系です。接頭辞などに分ける語ではなく、古くから鳥名として独立して残った語で、ツグミ類の身近な小鳥の名がそのまま定着したと考えると納得しやすいです。関連語に throstle があります。
The bird name thrush descends from Old English þrysce and belongs to an old Germanic group of bird names. It is related to forms such as German Drossel and the older English word throstle. The word was inherited as a complete bird name rather than created from recognizable modern English elements, and its basic reference to birds of the thrush family has remained stable.
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