barbarous
意味一覧 (2件)
野蛮な
解説 Definition
野蛮で粗暴な、または教養に欠ける態度や行動を示しています。文明的ではない、または残忍な様子を表します。
Barbarous means very cruel, violent, or lacking basic human kindness. It is used for actions, behavior, or conditions that seem shockingly uncivilized or inhumane. The word is strong and usually expresses moral disapproval.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この「野蛮な」は、barbarous の「残忍な」という基本義とは別に、文明的でない・洗練されていない様子を表す意味として覚えます。barbarian（野蛮人）を手がかりに、barbar- を「教養や社会的洗練から外れた粗さ」と捉えるとよいです。uncivilized customs や crude manners に近く、暴力の残酷さよりも、慣習・態度・表現が粗野で文化的でないという評価に焦点があります。
Connect `barbarous` with `barbarian` and `barbaric`. They all share `barbar-`, which carries the idea of being rough, cruel, and uncivilized. It is easier to remember if you place it opposite `civilized`, especially in phrases like `barbarous acts` or `barbarous treatment`.
例文
The barbarous treatment of prisoners shocked the international community.
囚人への野蛮な扱いは国際社会を激怒させました。
Ancient texts describe barbarous customs that would be unacceptable today.
古い文献は今日では受け入れられない野蛮な慣習を述べています。
Some critics found the film's violence to be barbarous and unnecessary.
映画の暴力を野蛮で不要だと考える批評家もいます。
残忍な
(意味 2)解説 Definition
人に強い苦痛や恐怖を与える行為・扱いを非難して言う語です。特に戦争、刑罰、虐待など、文明社会では許されないほど冷酷で非人道的だと感じる場面で使われます。
Barbarous describes actions or treatment that cause extreme pain, fear, or suffering to other people. It is used to strongly criticize behavior as cruel and inhuman, especially in contexts such as war, punishment, torture, or abuse. The word often suggests that such acts are far beyond what a civilized society should accept.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
barbarous は barbarian（野蛮人）や barbaric（野蛮な）と同じ barbar- をもつ語ですが、このエントリでは「未開・粗野」よりも、相手を痛めつける冷酷さに焦点があります。-ous は dangerous, poisonous のように「その性質をもつ」という形容詞語尾です。barbarous treatment / attack / punishment のように、人道に反する扱いや暴力を強く非難する文脈で覚えると定着しやすいです。
Barbarous shares the root barbar- with barbarian and barbaric, but this word often focuses more on cruel and painful treatment than on being simply uncivilized or rough. The ending -ous means "having that quality," as in dangerous or poisonous. It is useful to remember it in phrases like barbarous treatment, barbarous attack, or barbarous punishment, where the speaker is strongly condemning inhuman violence.
例文
The report described the prisoners' conditions as barbarous.
その報告書は、囚人たちの環境を残忍なものだと述べた。
Many people were shocked by the barbarous attack on civilians.
多くの人が民間人への残忍な攻撃に衝撃を受けた。
He spoke out against the barbarous punishment, saying it had no place in a modern society.
彼はその残忍な刑罰に反対し、現代社会にそんなものは許されないと述べた。
barbarous の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 barbarus、さらにギリシャ語 barbaros に由来し、もとは『ギリシャ語を話さない異邦人』の意。外国語がバルバルと聞こえる擬音的な語源をもち、『よそ者』が転じて『粗野で野蛮な』になった。関連語は barbarian, barbaric。
From Latin barbarus and earlier Greek barbaros, a word first used for people who did not speak Greek. It was probably based on the sound of foreign speech, heard as something like "bar-bar." Over time, the idea shifted from "foreigner" to "uncivilized" or "cruel." Related English words include barbarian and barbaric.
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