civilized
文明的な
解説 Definition
civilizedは「文明的な」「洗練された」「礼儀正しい」を意味する形容詞で、文明社会の価値観や礼儀にかなった行動や状態を指す。未開・野蛮と対比して使われることが多く、社会的規範を持ち礼儀正しい様子を表す。
Having the social organization, cultural development, manners, or consideration associated with an advanced society. It can describe either a society with established institutions or behavior that is polite, reasonable, and respectful.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
civilize「文明化する」の過去分詞形が形容詞化した語で、語末がeのため-ing形とは違い、そのまま-dを付ける。発音は語尾の-edが /d/ となる。「a civilized society」「a civilized discussion」のように、制度が整った社会や、礼儀と理性を保った振る舞いを表す。
Connect civilized with the verb civilize: something civilized has been brought into an organized, socially developed, or well-mannered state. Because civilize already ends in silent e, its past participle is formed simply by adding d, and the ending is pronounced /d/. Useful combinations include a civilized society, a civilized discussion, and a civilized way to settle a dispute. In modern contexts, the word often praises polite, rational behavior, though comparisons that label whole peoples “uncivilized” can sound judgmental or historically loaded.
例文
We need to find a civilized way to resolve this dispute.
この争いを解決するための文明的な方法を見つける必要がある。
The negotiations were conducted in a civilized and respectful manner.
交渉は文明的かつ礼儀正しい方法で行われた。
A civilized society respects the rights of all its members.
文明的な社会はすべての構成員の権利を尊重する。
civilized の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
civilized の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 civilis（市民の）から派生し、civis（市民）が語根。「市民としてふさわしい振る舞い」→「文明化された」という意味に発展。関連語: civic（市民の）、civilization（文明）。都市に住む市民の洗練された暮らしが「文明的」の原義。
Civilized is the past participle and adjectival form of civilize. The word ultimately belongs to the Latin family of civis, “citizen,” and civilis, “relating to citizens or public life.” From the idea of conduct appropriate to an organized civic community, civil developed associations with politeness and social order. Civilize then came to mean bringing a society or person into such a state, producing civilized.
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