uncivilized
未開の
解説 Definition
文明が発達していない。野蛮で粗野な状態または行動。
Uncivilized describes people, behavior, or places seen as not socially developed, educated, or polite according to a certain standard. It is often used critically for behavior that seems rough, cruel, or rude. The word can sound judgmental, especially when talking about cultures or societies.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
civil を「市民的な・礼儀正しい」、civilized を「文明化された・洗練された」と押さえると、uncivilized は un- でその逆だとすぐ取れる。単に「未開の社会」だけでなく、人の態度や行動にも使えて、「野蛮で無作法」という非難の響きが強い。an uncivilized society, uncivilized behavior などで覚えると定着しやすい。impolite よりかなり強く、savage に近いが、文明や教養の欠如まで含ませる語だと意識すると混同しにくい。
Start with `civilized`, then add `un-` for "not." The ending `-ized` often means "made into that state," so `uncivilized` suggests "not made civilized." It often appears with places or groups, like an island or tribe, so connect it with older descriptions of social development.
例文
The explorers encountered uncivilized tribes in the jungle.
探検家たちはジャングルで未開の部族に出会った。
His uncivilized behavior was shocking to everyone at the party.
彼の粗野な振る舞いはパーティーの全員を驚かせた。
The remote island remained uncivilized for centuries.
その孤島は何世紀も未開のままだった。
uncivilized の類義語・関連語
uncivilized の語源・成り立ち Etymology
un-「否定」+ civilized「文明化された」から成る語。civilized はラテン語 civilis「市民の、礼儀正しい」にさかのぼり、civis「市民」が語根です。もとは「市民社会の作法が及んでいない」が転じて「未開の」。関連語は civil, civilization。
Uncivilized is formed from un- plus civilized. Civilized goes back to Latin civilis, meaning "of citizens" or "courteous," from civis "citizen." The idea first pointed to life shaped by city or civic society, and later moved toward the contrast with people seen as outside that social order. Related words include civil and civilization.
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