反撃する
解説 Definition
counterattacks は動詞 counterattack の三人称単数現在形で、敵・相手からの攻撃や批判に対して反撃する、攻撃し返すことを表します。
Third-person singular present form of counterattack: to respond to an attack, criticism, or competitive move by launching an attack in return. The subject is a singular person, team, force, or other entity acting in the present.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
counterattacks は動詞 counterattack の三人称単数現在形で、語尾は無声音 /k/ の後なので -s を /s/ と発音する。「攻撃に対して」を表す counter-＋attack から「反撃する」。The army counterattacks の形で覚え、名詞の複数形なら launch counterattacks となる点も区別する。
Start with the base verb counterattack, built from counter-, “in return or opposition,” and attack. Counterattacks is its third-person singular present form: “the army counterattacks” or “the team counterattacks.” The ending follows the regular rule of adding -s, pronounced /s/ because the base ends in the voiceless sound /k/. Be alert to a second grammatical possibility: counterattacks can also be the plural noun, as in “launch counterattacks.” In this entry, however, focus on the verb meaning “attacks back.”
例文
After holding its position through the night, the army counterattacks at dawn.
一晩中陣地を守った後、軍は夜明けに反撃します。
The team counterattacks quickly whenever it regains possession.
そのチームはボールを奪い返すと素早く反撃します。
When challenged, the spokesperson counterattacks with questions of her own.
異議を唱えられると、その広報担当者は自ら質問を投げ返して反撃します。
counterattacks の類義語・関連語
counterattacks の語源・成り立ち Etymology
counter-（ラテン語 contra「～に対して」、仏語 contre 経由）と attack（仏語 attaquer「襲いかかる」、伊語 attaccare 由来）の合成語。「攻撃に対して攻撃し返す」が原義で、まさに「反撃」の構造が語形に表れている。関連語: counteract, contradict。
Counterattack is formed from counter- and attack. Counter- entered English through French and ultimately derives from Latin contra, “against” or “opposite.” Attack came through French attaquer and is related to Italian attaccare, historically meaning “attach” and later “engage or assail.” The combined form therefore expresses an attack made against a preceding attack. Counterattacks adds the regular third-person singular present ending -s to the verb counterattack.
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