deterring
抑止する
解説 Definition
deterring は deter（思いとどまらせる、抑止する）の現在分詞・動名詞です。犯罪や危険な行動などを防ぐために、相手に不利益やリスクを意識させる場面で使われます。
The present participle or gerund of deter, meaning causing someone to avoid an action by making its risks, costs, punishment, or other unpleasant consequences seem likely. It often describes measures intended to prevent crime or unsafe behavior.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 deter「不利益や恐れを意識させて思いとどまらせる」の現在分詞・動名詞。短母音の後の r を重ねて -ing を付け、deter → deterring となり、強勢は第2音節にある。deterring theft や deterring unsafe driving のように、罰・照明・規則で行動を未然に防ぐ場面と結び付ける。
Start with deter, “to discourage someone from acting by making the consequences unattractive.” To form deterring, double the final r before adding -ing: deter becomes deterring. The stress remains on the second syllable. Picture bright lights deterring theft, penalties deterring dangerous driving, or inspections deterring careless work. The key idea is prevention through anticipated risk or cost, not physically making an action impossible. This distinguishes deterring from simply stopping something after it has already begun.
例文
Bright lights are useful for deterring theft at night.
明るい照明は、夜間の盗難を抑止するのに役立ちます。
The new rule is aimed at deterring unsafe driving.
その新しい規則は、危険運転を抑止することを目的としています。
Regular inspections may help in deterring careless work practices.
定期的な点検は、ずさんな作業習慣を抑止する助けになるかもしれません。
deterring の類義語・関連語
deterring の語源・成り立ち Etymology
deter はラテン語 deterrere に由来し、de-「離して」+ terrere「おびえさせる」から成ります。つまり「怖がらせて遠ざける」が原義で、そこから行動を思いとどまらせる「抑止する」になりました。関連語は terror, terrible。
Deterring is the -ing form of deter, with the final r doubled before the suffix is added. Deter entered English from Latin deterrere, formed from de-, expressing movement away, and terrere, “to frighten.” Its literal underlying idea is frightening someone away from an action. The same Latin verb terrere also lies behind words such as terror and terrible. Modern deter can involve any expected disadvantage, not only fear in a narrow emotional sense.
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