disbursements
支払い
解説 Definition
資金や経費の支払い・出金のこと。特に公的機関や基金からの支出を指す。
Disbursements are payments of money made for a particular purpose or as part of official spending. The word is common in business, accounting, law, and project management. It usually refers to money that has actually been paid out, not just planned or owed.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まず disbursements は payment よりも会計・制度寄りの「正式な出金」と置くと残りやすいです。銀行・基金・会社が money を外に出していく場面を思い浮かべ、loan disbursement, cash disbursement をセットで覚えると定着します。特に複数形は「支払い項目」「出金の記録」の感覚になりやすい語です。payment は日常的で広く使えますが、disbursement は公的資金・融資・経費精算など事務的な文脈で出やすい点に注意。reimbursement は「払い戻し」なので別物です。
See `disbursements` as a formal money word, not an everyday `payment`. Think of money being sent out by a bank, company, or fund in phrases like `loan disbursement` or `cash disbursement`. The plural often means separate payment items or records. Do not mix it with `reimbursement`, which is money paid back.
例文
The foundation's disbursements for the year totaled over five million dollars.
その財団の年間支出総額は500万ドルを超えた。
Legal disbursements such as court fees were added to the client's bill.
裁判費用などの法的経費支出が依頼人の請求書に加えられた。
The government tracked all disbursements from the emergency relief fund.
政府は緊急救済基金からのすべての支出を追跡した。
disbursements の類義語・関連語
disbursements の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語「desbourser」に由来し、接頭辞dis-（離れて）とbourse（財布）の組み合わせで「財布から出す→支払う」が原義。bourseはラテン語「bursa（革袋）」から。関連語にreimburse（払い戻す＝再び財布に入れる）がある。
Disbursements comes from Old French desbourser, literally "to take out of a purse." It combines dis- "away" with bourse "purse," from Latin bursa "bag" or "pouch." The original image was money leaving a purse, which later became the general idea of paying out money; reimburse is from the same purse root.
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