extinguished
消えた
解説 Definition
extinguished は extinguish（火や明かりを消す）の過去形・過去分詞で、形容詞としては「消えた」という意味です。火、ランプ、希望などが消された状態を表します。
Extinguished describes a fire, flame, light, or similar source that has been put out and is no longer burning or shining. It can also describe a hope, feeling, or possibility that has been completely ended.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
extinguished は extinguish「火・光などを消す」に -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞で、語末は /t/ と発音します。形容詞では extinguished candle/fire/light のように、「消す動作が完了し、もう燃えたり光ったりしていない状態」を表します。自然に消えたなら out、完全に消された点を強めるなら extinguished と結び付けます。
Connect extinguished to the base verb extinguish, “to put out a fire or light.” It is the regular past and past-participle form, made by adding -ed; after the final “sh” sound, the ending is pronounced /t/. Picture an extinguished candle: someone has completed the action, and the flame is now gone. This completed-state image explains its adjectival use before nouns such as fire, candle, or warning light. Out can simply report that something is no longer burning, while extinguished often suggests that it was deliberately or completely put out.
例文
The extinguished candle left the room in darkness.
消えたろうそくのせいで、部屋は暗くなりました。
We found the extinguished fire cold by morning.
朝には、消えた火が冷たくなっているのを見つけました。
The sign showed that the warning light was extinguished.
表示は、警告灯が消えたことを示していました。
extinguished の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
extinguished の語源・成り立ち Etymology
extinguished は extinguish の過去分詞形で、ラテン語 exstinguere（消す）に由来します。ex-「外へ」+ stinguere「消す」から成り、「火や光を完全に消し去る」が原義です。関連語は extinct, extinction です。
Extinguished is the past and past-participle form of extinguish. Extinguish entered English through French from Latin exstinguere or extinguere, “to quench, put out, or destroy.” The Latin form is also related historically to extinct and extinction. In English, the verb first referred especially to ending fire or light and later developed figurative uses for completely ending hope, feeling, influence, or a legal right.
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