グアバ
解説 Definition
guava は「グアバ」という熱帯果実、またはその木を指す名詞です。果実は丸みがあり、甘い香りがして、ジュースやジャムなどにもよく使われます。
A guava is a fragrant tropical fruit, usually round or oval, with edible flesh containing many small seeds. The same word can also refer to the tropical tree or shrub on which this fruit grows.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
guava は熱帯果実とその木の両方を指し、日本語の「グアバ」とほぼ同じです。fresh guava なら一個または種類としての果実、guava juice なら飲料、guava tree なら木というように後続語で判断します。スペイン語を経た果物名で、英語の語形成要素に無理に分けないのが要点です。
Use the familiar Japanese loanword and build three clear combinations around it: a fresh guava for one fruit, guava juice for a product made from the fruit, and a guava tree for the plant itself. Picture a fragrant tropical fruit with seeded flesh that can be eaten fresh or made into juice and jam. Unlike a descriptive English compound, guava is a borrowed fruit name and should not be split into imagined English word parts. The following noun or the surrounding sentence usually shows whether guava refers to the fruit, its flavor, or the tree.
例文
She bought a fresh guava at the market.
彼女は市場で新鮮なグアバを買いました。
Guava juice is popular in many tropical regions.
グアバジュースは多くの熱帯地域で人気があります。
The guava tree in the garden produces sweet fruit every year.
庭のグアバの木は毎年甘い実をつけます。
guava の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
guava の語源・成り立ち Etymology
guava はスペイン語 guayaba から英語に入り、さらにカリブ海先住民のタイノ語系の呼び名に由来するとされます。接頭辞や接尾辞に分ける語ではなく、果物の固有名がほぼそのまま伝わった語なので、「南国の実の名が外来語として残った」と考えると覚えやすいです。関連語は guayaba, guayabo。
Guava entered English from Spanish guayaba. The Spanish term was borrowed from an Indigenous language of the Caribbean, generally identified with Taíno or a closely related Arawakan language. European contact carried both the fruit and its local name beyond the Americas. English shortened and reshaped the Spanish form into guava. It is therefore a borrowed name for a tropical plant and fruit, not a word constructed from productive English prefixes or suffixes.
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