perforated
穴あき
解説 Definition
perforated は perforate（穴を開ける、ミシン目を入れる）の過去形・過去分詞です。紙、切符、金属板などに小さな穴が開けられた状態を表し、形容詞的に「穴あきの」という意味でも使われます。
The past tense and past participle of “perforate,” meaning that something was pierced with one or more holes. Used adjectivally, it describes paper, metal, or another material containing holes, often arranged to permit tearing, airflow, or drainage.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 perforate「貫いて穴を開ける」の過去形・過去分詞で、-ed は原形が /t/ で終わるため /ɪd/ と発音する。per-「通して」＋「穴を開ける」という構成を意識し、perforated paper「ミシン目入りの紙」や perforated metal「穴あき金属」で覚える。
Break the idea into “through” and “make a hole”: something perforated has been pierced through. It is the past tense and past participle of perforate, with regular -ed; because perforate ends in a /t/ sound, the ending is pronounced /ɪd/. Picture perforated paper with a line of tiny holes that makes tearing easy, or perforated metal panels that let air pass. This is more specific than damaged: the holes are often deliberately made and may follow a regular pattern for a practical purpose.
例文
The machine perforated the paper along the edge.
その機械は紙の端に沿って穴を開けました。
The ticket was perforated so it could be torn easily.
そのチケットには簡単に切り取れるようにミシン目が入っていました。
We used perforated metal panels to improve airflow.
空気の流れをよくするために、穴あきの金属パネルを使いました。
perforated の類義語・関連語
対義語
紛らわしい語
perforated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
perforated はラテン語 perforatus に由来し、per-「通して」+ forare「穴を開ける」から成ります。つまり「貫いて穴をあけた」が原義なので「穴あきの」と理解でき、perforate や perforation が関連語です。
Perforated comes from perforate plus the regular past-participle ending -ed. Perforate derives from Latin perforare, built from per-, meaning “through,” and forare, “to bore or pierce.” Its literal structure is therefore “bored through.” The same formation appears in perforation, a noun for a hole, a series of holes, or the act of making them.
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