preoperative
術前
解説 Definition
外科手術の前に行われる検査や処置に関すること。手術前の。
Preoperative describes something connected with the period before a medical operation. It is often used for tests, care, instructions, or preparation before surgery. This is mainly a medical term.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
`pre-` は preview, prepay などと同じく「前もって」、`operative` は operation「手術・操作」と結びつけると、`preoperative` はそのまま「手術の前の」と取りやすくなります。医療では preoperative examination, preoperative assessment, preoperative care のように、手術前の検査・評価・管理でよく使われます。`postoperative`「術後」と対で覚えると定着しやすく、単なる before surgery よりも、医療文脈での正式な形容詞だと意識すると混同しにくいです。
Use the prefix `pre-` = "before" and connect `operative` to `operation`. That gives you `preoperative`: something connected with the time before surgery. It is easy to remember with its pair word `postoperative`, which means after surgery.
例文
The patient underwent a thorough preoperative assessment to ensure she was fit for surgery.
患者は手術に適しているか確認するため、徹底的な術前評価を受けた。
Preoperative fasting is required for at least eight hours before general anesthesia.
全身麻酔の前には少なくとも8時間の術前絶食が必要である。
The surgeon discussed the preoperative instructions with the patient and her family.
外科医は患者とその家族に術前の指示について説明した。
preoperative の類義語・関連語
preoperative の語源・成り立ち Etymology
preoperative は pre-「前もって」と operative「手術の・操作の」が合わさった語です。operative はラテン語 operari「働く、作業する」に由来し、operation はもともと「手を加えること」なので、preoperative は「手術の前の」が自然に見えてきます。関連語は operation, cooperate。
Preoperative combines pre-, meaning "before," with operative. Operative comes from Latin operari, meaning "to work" or "to do," and is related to operation and cooperate. The sense developed from "doing or working" to medical or practical action, so preoperative came to mean something connected with the time before an operation.
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