比率
解説 Definition
二つ以上の数字や量の関係を数字で表したもので、比較することです。例えば、3対1という割合で表現される数学的な関係です。
A ratio is a way of comparing two amounts or numbers. It shows how much of one thing there is in relation to another. It is commonly used in math, science, business, and everyday data.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
ratio は rate や percentage と混同しやすいので、『AとBを並べて比べる数の関係』とセットで覚えると残りやすいです。典型は 3:1 や the ratio of A to B。male-to-female ratio, debt-to-income ratio のように、2つの量が対で出てくる場面でよく使われます。percentage は100基準、rate は速度・単価にも広がりますが、ratio は“対 対”の比較に強い語。data や math の文脈で ratio rises/falls も一緒に覚えると定着しやすいです。
Remember ratio as a relationship between two numbers placed side by side, often in the form A to B or 3:1. It often appears in pairs like male-to-female ratio or price-to-income ratio. Do not mix it with percentage, which is based on 100, or rate, which can mean speed or charge.
例文
The ratio is two to one.
比率は2対1です。
This ratio shows three to two.
この比率は3対2を示します。
The class ratio is one to one.
クラスの比率は1対1です。
ratio の類義語・関連語
ratio の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ratio はラテン語 ratio「計算、勘定、理性」に由来し、さらに reri「数える、考える」へさかのぼります。もとは「計算で出した関係」なので比率の意味になりました。関連語は reason, rational。
Ratio comes from Latin ratio, which meant "calculation," "account," and also "reason." It goes back to the verb reri, meaning "to count" or "to think." Because a ratio is a relationship worked out by calculation, the word came to mean a numerical comparison; related English words include reason and rational.
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