（サケ・マスなどの）産卵床
解説 Definition
サケやマスなどが、産卵のために川底の砂利を掘って作る産卵床・産卵巣。色を表す red と同じく /rɛd/ と発音します。
A nest or spawning bed made in river gravel by a salmon, trout, or related fish. The female clears and shapes the gravel, deposits eggs there, and usually covers them with additional stones.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
redd は一般的な red「赤」と同音だが、魚類・河川生態の文脈では鮭やマスが砂利を掘って作る産卵床を指す名詞。魚が尾びれで川底を整え、卵を産むくぼみを作る場面と結び付ける。複数形は redds。日常語ではなく、fishing、spawning、stream habitat などの専門的な文脈で使われる。
Do not confuse redd with the color word red, although they are pronounced alike. In fisheries and river ecology, a redd is a spawning nest made by salmon, trout, or a related fish. Picture a female fish using her tail to clear and arrange gravel, creating a depression where eggs can be laid and then covered. That act of preparing or putting the riverbed in order helps connect the noun with its historical background. The plural is redds, and the word commonly appears in phrases such as salmon redd, spawning redd, or protect the redds.
例文
The female salmon dug a redd in the gravel.
雌のサケは砂利を掘って産卵床を作りました。
Biologists counted twelve redds in this section of the stream.
生物学者たちはこの川の区間で12か所の産卵床を数えました。
Anglers should avoid stepping on salmon redds.
釣り人はサケの産卵床を踏まないようにすべきです。
redd の語源・成り立ち Etymology
中英語 redden（整理する・片付ける）から派生し、鮭が川底の砂利を掘って作る産卵床を指す。古英語 hreddan（救う・整える）と関連。関連語 rid（取り除く）も同系統。鮭が尾びれで川底を「整えて」巣を作る様子が語源に反映されている。
The fishery noun redd is associated with an older verb redd, meaning to clear, prepare, or put in order. That verb passed through Scots and northern English usage and is related to earlier forms conveying clearing or tidying. The noun reflects how a female salmon or trout clears and arranges gravel to prepare a spawning bed. Although redd sounds exactly like red, the name of the fish nest is historically a different word and is not based on color.
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