refined
洗練された
解説 Definition
refined は refine（磨く、洗練させる）の過去形・過去分詞で、形容詞として「洗練された」という意味です。態度、趣味、デザイン、技術などが上品でよく整っていることを表します。
Describes manners, taste, design, or an atmosphere that is polished, elegant, and free from roughness or vulgarity. It can also describe a substance from which impurities have been removed, though the examples emphasize social and aesthetic sophistication.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形refine「不純物や粗さを除いて磨く」に-edを付けた過去分詞で、形容詞では「粗さが取り除かれ、洗練された」。refined manners、refined taste、refined atmosphereのように、振る舞い・趣味・雰囲気の上品さと結び付ける。語尾は通常/d/と発音する。
Connect refined with the verb refine: to remove impurities or rough qualities and make something better. The adjective therefore suggests that roughness has been polished away. Remember it through combinations such as refined manners, refined taste, and a refined atmosphere, all of which imply elegance and careful cultivation. It is the past participle of refine, formed by adding -ed; because refine already ends in silent e, only d is added in spelling. The ending is normally pronounced /d/, not as a separate syllable.
例文
She has a refined sense of style.
彼女は洗練されたファッション感覚を持っています。
The hotel has a quiet and refined atmosphere.
そのホテルには静かで洗練された雰囲気があります。
His refined manners made a good impression.
彼の洗練された振る舞いは良い印象を与えました。
refined の類義語・関連語
対義語
紛らわしい語
refined の語源・成り立ち Etymology
refined は refine の過去分詞で、re-＋古い fine「上質にする・純化する」からできた語。fine や refinement と同根で、もとは「不純物を取り除く」こと。そこから「粗さが抜けた」という連想で、洗練されたの意になった。
Refined is the past participle and adjectival form of refine. English refine developed from re- and fine in an older verbal sense associated with making something pure or fine. Its earliest central idea was the removal of unwanted material, as in refined sugar or metal. That physical sense later supported the figurative meaning “polished or cultivated,” applied to manners, taste, language, design, and social behavior. Refinement and refined belong to the same word family.
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