stewed
煮込み
解説 Definition
stewed は stew（煮込む）の過去形・過去分詞です。食材を水分やソースと一緒に弱火で時間をかけて煮たことを表し、料理の説明でよく使われます。
Stewed is the past tense and past participle of stew, meaning cooked slowly in liquid or sauce over relatively low heat. It can describe a completed cooking action, a passive process, or food prepared in this way.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
stew「液体とともに弱火で煮込む」に規則変化の -ed が付いた過去形・過去分詞です。語末が /uː/ の有声音なので -ed は /d/ と発音し、全体は /stuːd/。stewed the beef なら過去の動作、stewed apples なら「煮込んだ」という過去分詞形容詞、were stewed なら受け身です。
Start with the base verb stew, meaning to cook food slowly in liquid, and add the regular ending -ed. Because stew ends in the voiced vowel sound /uː/, the ending is pronounced /d/, making stewed /stuːd/, not with an extra syllable. In she stewed the beef, it is the simple past. In the tomatoes were stewed, it forms a passive construction. In stewed apples, the past participle works like an adjective describing how the apples were prepared. Associate the form with slow, moist cooking rather than quick boiling or dry frying.
例文
She stewed the beef with onions and carrots.
彼女は牛肉を玉ねぎとにんじんと一緒に煮込みました。
The tomatoes were stewed slowly until they became soft.
トマトは柔らかくなるまでゆっくり煮込まれました。
He served stewed apples as a simple dessert.
彼は煮込んだりんごを簡単なデザートとして出しました。
stewed の類義語・関連語
stewed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語 estuver（蒸気で煮る・温浴する）に由来し、さらに俗ラテン語 *extūfāre（蒸気を出す）に遡る。語根にギリシャ語 typhos（蒸気・煙）が含まれる。関連語に stew（シチュー）、typhus（発疹チフス＝意識が曇る病）がある。じっくり加熱する調理法を指す。
Stewed is the regularly formed past tense and past participle of stew. The verb entered English from Old French estuver, meaning to bathe in steam or heat, and is connected with a Vulgar Latin form reconstructed as extūfāre. Its history reflects cooking with heat, steam, or moisture. Modern English forms stewed simply by adding -ed to stew, with no change to the spelling of the base.
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