bate
ベイト
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
名詞 bate は現代ではまれな、bait「餌・おびき寄せる物」の古い異綴りとして覚えます。獲物に bite「かみつく」動作を起こさせる餌という意味のつながりがありますが、通常の文章では bait を選びます。辞書・古文献で bate を見たときに bait と読み替えるための受容語彙として扱うのが実用的です。
Treat the noun bate as a historical spelling to recognize rather than the form to use in ordinary modern writing. Replace it mentally with bait: something offered so that a fish or animal will approach and bite. The connection with biting gives a useful semantic link, but the spelling bate itself is now rare in this noun sense. When reading an older text, context involving a hook, trap, prey, or lure can confirm the meaning. In present-day writing, choose bait, since bate is more likely to be encountered in other old expressions or as a different verb.
bate の類義語・関連語
bate の語源・成り立ち Etymology
bateは中英語「bait」の異形で、古ノルド語「beita（噛ませる）」に由来する。古英語「bātan（手綱をつける）」とも関連。関連語にbait（餌）、bite（噛む）がある。獲物を「噛みつかせる」ための仕掛けが原義である。
In this noun sense, bate is a Middle English spelling variant of bait. Bait is connected with Old Norse beita, a causative verb meaning “to make bite” or “to cause to feed,” and ultimately belongs to the same Germanic word family as bite. The semantic development is direct: food makes an animal bite or feed and can therefore attract it to a hook or trap. Modern English standardized bait for the noun, leaving bate chiefly as a historical variant.
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