訴訟
解説 Definition
訴訟は法的な紛争を解決するために裁判所に提起される法的手続です。民事訴訟と刑事訴訟の二種類があります。
Litigation is the process of taking a legal dispute to court. It usually involves one person, company, or group making a claim against another. The word is mainly used in law, business, and formal writing.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まず legal dispute や court と結びつけて、「裁判所で争う一連の手続き」が litigation と押さえる。語尾 -tion は action, negotiation と同じく“行為・過程”の名詞化なので、瞬間的な一発の訴えよりも訴訟というプロセス全体を連想するとよい。litigate（訴訟を起こす）, litigant（当事者）と並べて覚えると形でも意味でも定着しやすい。lawsuit よりやや硬く広めで、patent litigation, costly litigation, enter into litigation のようなまとまりで覚えると実戦的。
Notice the ending `-tion`, which often shows a process or action, like in `negotiation`. That can help you remember `litigation` as the whole legal process, not just one moment. Learn it with related words like `litigate` and `litigant`. It also appears in strong collocations such as `patent litigation` and `costly litigation`.
例文
The litigation between the two companies lasted two years.
二つの企業間の訴訟は二年間続きました。
They decided to settle the litigation out of court.
彼らは訴訟を裁判外で解決することにしました。
The litigation resulted in a favorable verdict for the plaintiff.
その訴訟は原告に有利な判決で終わりました。
litigation の類義語・関連語
litigation の語源・成り立ち Etymology
litigation はラテン語 litigatio「争訟、訴訟」に由来し、その背後には litigare「争う、訴える」があります。語幹は lis / lit-「争い、訴訟」で、法廷で争いを進める感覚が今の意味に残ります。関連語は litigant、litigious です。
This word comes from Latin *litigatio*, meaning a legal dispute or lawsuit. It is related to *litigare*, "to dispute" or "to go to law," from *lis* or *lit-* meaning "quarrel" or "lawsuit." The idea stayed very close to its original sense of carrying a dispute through the courts. Related English words include *litigant* and *litigious*.
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