pir
ピル
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pir はペルシャ語で「老人・長老」を意味する語に由来し、スーフィズムでは弟子を導く精神的指導者や聖者を指します。英語の日常語 pill「錠剤」ではありません。Sufi pir、a disciple’s pir のような宗教・文化的文脈と、「年長者から知恵ある導き手へ」という意味の流れを結び付けて覚えます。
Remember pir through its Persian sense of an elder. In Sufi usage, age suggests experience and wisdom, so the word developed into a title for a spiritual guide, teacher, or revered saint. Picture disciples seeking instruction from a pir, or pilgrims visiting the shrine of a respected pir in South Asia. Keep the word inside this Islamic and cultural setting; it is not the ordinary English word pill, despite the similar Japanese transliteration, and it is not peer. The spelling may also appear as pīr in academic writing to show the long vowel.
pir の類義語・関連語
pir の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ペルシャ語 pīr（پیر＝老人・長老）に由来し、スーフィズムにおける精神的指導者・聖者を指す。インド亜大陸で広く使われ、聖者廟の名にも残る。同根語に pīrzāda（聖者の子孫）がある。「年長者＝知恵ある導き手」が原義。
Pir is borrowed from Persian pīr, written پیر, whose basic meanings include “old” and “elder.” In Persianate Sufi traditions, the term became an honorific for an experienced spiritual teacher, guide, or saint. It spread widely through languages and cultures of the Indian subcontinent, where it remains associated with Sufi lineages and saints’ shrines. The religious meaning therefore developed naturally from the social idea of an elder as a person possessing wisdom, authority, and the ability to guide others.
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