plummeted
急落した
解説 Definition
plummeted は plummet（急落する、急に落ちる）の過去形・過去分詞です。価格、気温、数値、人気などが短時間で大きく下がる場面で使われます。
Plummeted is the past-tense and past-participle form of plummet. It describes a rapid, substantial fall in a measurable level or value, such as a price, temperature, sales figure, popularity rating, or physical position.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 plummet「急落する」の過去形・過去分詞です。語末が子音＋母音＋子音なので t を重ねて -ed を付け、plummeted となり、語尾は /ɪd/ と発音します。temperature, sales, prices, value など、数値が短時間で大幅に下がった場面と結びつけましょう。
Connect plummeted with the base verb plummet, meaning “fall very quickly and sharply.” Because plummet ends in a stressed short vowel followed by t, the final consonant is doubled before -ed: plummet becomes plummeted. The ending is pronounced /ɪd/ because the base ends in /t/. Picture a graph line dropping almost straight down, and learn common subjects such as prices, sales, temperatures, values, and ratings. Unlike decreased or fell, plummeted emphasizes both speed and a large downward change.
例文
The temperature plummeted after midnight.
真夜中を過ぎると気温が急落しました。
Sales plummeted during the long power outage.
長い停電の間に売上は急落しました。
The value of the old shares plummeted after the announcement.
その発表のあと、古い株式の価値は急落しました。
plummeted の類義語・関連語
plummeted の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語のplumbum（鉛）に由来し、古フランス語で指小辞-etをつけた「小さな鉛のおもり」が語源です。測量用の錘が重さで真っ直ぐ落下する様子から「急落する」意味へ転じました。同語根にplumberや垂直を意味するplumbがあります。
Plummet ultimately comes from Latin plumbum, “lead.” Through Old French, the noun referred to a small lead weight, especially one attached to a line for measuring depth or checking vertical alignment. The verb developed from the image of this heavy weight dropping straight downward, and later acquired the figurative sense “fall rapidly in value or level.” Plummeted is formed by adding the past-tense ending -ed and doubling the final t.
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