domesticated
飼い慣らされた
解説 Definition
domesticated は domesticate（動物を飼い慣らす、植物を栽培化する）の過去形・過去分詞で、形容詞としては「飼い慣らされた、栽培化された」という意味です。野生ではなく、人間の生活に適応した動物や植物について使います。
Adapted through human selection and breeding to live, grow, or reproduce under human care. The adjective describes animal species or cultivated plants that differ from their wild ancestors and depend partly on people or managed environments.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 domesticate「飼い慣らす、栽培化する」は語末が e なので d を加えて domesticated となり、語尾は /ɪd/ と発音します。ラテン語 domus「家」から、「野生のものを人の家や暮らしに適応させた」と捉えます。domesticated animals と domesticated plants の両方に使い、単に tame な個体だけでなく世代を通じた変化も表します。
Start with “domesticate,” meaning to adapt an animal or plant for human use and care. Because the base ends in silent “e,” add “d” to form “domesticated”; the ending is pronounced /ɪd/. Link the word with Latin “domus,” meaning house, and imagine a formerly wild species becoming part of human life. Use the combinations “domesticated animals” and “domesticated plants.” Unlike “tame,” which can describe the behavior of one individual animal, “domesticated” often refers to inherited changes in a species produced over many generations of human selection.
例文
Dogs are domesticated animals.
犬は飼い慣らされた動物です。
The museum shows how domesticated horses helped farming.
その博物館では、飼い慣らされた馬が農業をどう助けたかを紹介しています。
Many domesticated plants depend on people for care.
栽培化された植物は、多くの場合、人の世話に頼っています。
domesticated の類義語・関連語
domesticated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
「domesticated」は domesticate の過去分詞で、中世ラテン語 domesticare を経てラテン語 domus「家」にさかのぼります。語根は「家の中に入れる」で、野生のものを人の家や暮らしに慣らす感覚がそのまま意味になり、domestic や domicile も同根です。
“Domesticated” is the past participle of “domesticate.” The verb came from Medieval Latin “domesticāre,” meaning to tame or make domestic, and ultimately from Latin “domus,” meaning house or home. Its literal foundation is the idea of bringing something into the household or adapting it to human life. Related English words include “domestic,” concerning the home, and “domicile,” a person’s residence. The modern biological sense includes both animals and cultivated plants.
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