outburst
outburst は英検準1級・英検1級レベルの英単語で、「噴出、爆発、激発」という意味があります。発音記号は /ˈaʊtbɜːrst/ です。
意味一覧 (3件)
噴出
解説 Definition
水・煙・光・音などが、内側や奥から急に外へ出ることを表す名詞です。火山や機械、群衆などから一気に何かが現れる場面で使われます。単に量が多いだけでなく、短い瞬間に押し出される勢いが中心です。
An outburst is a sudden release of something such as water, smoke, light, sound, or steam from inside a place or object. It is used when something comes out quickly and with force, often from a volcano, a machine, or a crowd. The word focuses on the strong push outward in a short moment, not just on a large amount.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
outburst は out「外へ」+ burst「破裂する、急に出る」と分けると覚えやすい語です。burst は burst open や burst out にあるように、内部の圧力が限界を超えて一気に外へ出る感じを持ちます。このエントリでは、感情の「爆発」ではなく、蒸気・灰・光・歓声などが急に外へ現れる「噴出」と押さえましょう。outbreak は病気や争いの発生、eruption は火山などの噴火に寄る語です。
You can remember outburst as out + burst. Burst gives the image of pressure inside becoming too strong and suddenly breaking outward, as in burst open or burst out. In this entry, think of an outburst as a sudden physical release of steam, ash, light, or cheering, rather than an emotional explosion. Be careful not to confuse it with outbreak, which is used for disease or conflict, or eruption, which is more specific to volcanoes.
例文
There was a sudden outburst of steam from the old pipe.
古い管から蒸気の突然の噴出があった。
The volcano sent out an outburst of ash and hot gas before dawn.
その火山は夜明け前に灰と高温のガスを噴出した。
A brief outburst of cheers rose from the stadium when the lights came back on.
照明が戻ると、競技場から短い歓声の噴出が起こった。
爆発
(意味 2)解説 Definition
感情や反応が突然激しく表れること。怒りや喜びなど抑えきれない気持ちが噴き出す様子を指す。通常は短時間で終わるが、周囲に強い印象を残す。
An outburst is a sudden strong expression of emotion, such as anger, laughter, or crying. It usually happens quickly and with little control. The word is often used when someone reacts in an intense or unexpected way.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
この「爆発」は、物理的な噴出ではなく、怒り・笑い・涙などの感情や反応が急に表に出る意味で覚えます。out「外へ」+ burst「破裂する」なので、心の中にたまったものがこらえきれず外へ出る絵を作るとよいです。an outburst of anger / laughter / tears の形が典型で、長く続く不機嫌より、短時間で激しく出る反応を指します。outburst には別に「噴出」の基本義もあるため、対象が感情か物質かで区別しましょう。
Focus on `burst`, which gives the idea of something breaking out suddenly. The prefix `out-` adds the image of pressure coming from inside and pushing outward fast. It is often used in patterns like `an outburst of anger` or `an outburst of laughter`, so remember it as a sudden emotional explosion.
例文
His emotional outburst surprised everyone at the meeting.
彼の感情の爆発は会議にいた全員を驚かせた。
The outburst of anger was justified given the situation.
その怒りの爆発は状況を考えれば正当だった。
She could not control her outburst of laughter.
彼女は笑いの爆発を抑えることができなかった。
激発
(意味 3)解説 Definition
主に怒り・悲しみ・興奮などの感情が、抑えきれずに急に表に出ることを表す名詞です。人の反応や言動について使われ、会議・家庭・試合中などでの突然の感情の噴出を述べるときに典型的です。
An outburst is a sudden, strong expression of emotion such as anger, sadness, excitement, or laughter that a person cannot hold back. It is commonly used for a person's reaction, words, or behavior in situations like meetings, at home, or during a game. The word suggests something intense that appears quickly rather than a feeling that continues for a long time.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
burst を「破裂する」と知っていれば、outburst は「内側にたまったものが外へ一気に破れる感じ」と押さえると残りやすい。burst out laughing の burst out と結びつけると、突然ふき出す動きが見える。名詞では an outburst of anger / laughter / tears が頻出で、物理的な爆発より感情や反応の噴出に寄る語。長く続く怒りではなく、短時間に激しく表れる点が核心。outbreak は病気・戦争などの発生なので区別したい。
If you know burst means "break open," outburst is easy to picture as something inside suddenly breaking out. You can also connect it with the phrase burst out laughing, which shows a quick, uncontrolled reaction. Common patterns like an outburst of anger, laughter, or tears help you remember that this word is usually about emotions or reactions, not a physical explosion. It also differs from outbreak, which is used for things like war or disease.
例文
The meeting ended after his outburst of anger shocked everyone in the room.
彼の怒りの激発に会議中の全員が驚き、その会議は終わってしまった。
After hours of stress, she had an outburst of tears in the kitchen.
何時間も緊張が続いたあと、彼女は台所で涙の激発を見せた。
The coach apologized for his emotional outburst during the final match.
監督は決勝戦での感情的な激発を謝罪した。
outburst の語源・成り立ち Etymology
outburst は out「外へ」+ burst「破裂する」から成ります。burst は古英語 berstan「破れる」に由来し、内側のものが急に外へ出るイメージを保っています。
Outburst is made from out, meaning "to the outside," and burst, meaning "to break open suddenly." Burst comes from Old English berstan, which meant "to break," and the word still keeps the idea of something inside forcing its way out.
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