recused
忌避した
解説 Definition
裁判官や陪審員が利害関係を理由に自ら審理から身を引いたこと。
Recused means removed oneself from making a decision or taking part in a case because of a possible conflict of interest or lack of fairness. It is most often used in legal and official situations. The word usually shows that a person stepped aside to avoid bias.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
recused は法廷セットで覚えると定着しやすい語です。refuse「断る」に形が近く、実際に“その件への関与を断って外れる”感覚でつかむとよいです。judge や juror が bias や conflict of interest を理由に case から身を引く場面でよく出ます。ポイントは、受け身で外されたのではなく、自分から審理参加を避けたこと。accused と綴りが少し似ますが、accused は「告発された」で意味がかなり違います。
`Recused` looks a little like `refused`, and that is a useful memory hook. Think of a judge saying, in effect, "I must refuse to take part in this case." It is often linked with `bias` or `conflict of interest`, and it means stepping aside by choice.
例文
The judge recused herself from the case because the defendant was a family friend.
被告が家族の友人であったため、裁判官は自ら事件の審理から身を引いた。
Several jurors recused themselves after realizing they had prior knowledge of the case.
事件を以前から知っていたことに気づき、数人の陪審員が自ら審理から身を引いた。
The judge recused himself from the trial because he knew the defendant.
被告と面識があったため、裁判官は自ら審理から身を引いた。
recused の類義語・関連語
recused の語源・成り立ち Etymology
recused はフランス語 recuser を経てラテン語 recusare「異議を唱えて退ける」に由来する。re-「反対に」+ caus-/causa「訴訟・理由」と見られ、cause や causal と同根なので、「忌避した」は理由を立てて自分をその件から外したことだと分かる。
Recused comes through French recuser from Latin recusare, meaning "to refuse" or "reject with objection." The word is linked to the idea of giving a reason or raising a case against something, which is also seen in cause. Over time, in legal use, it came to mean removing oneself or being removed from a case because of possible bias or conflict. Related English words include cause and causal.
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